Cats may poop outside the litter box for several reasons including medical issues, behavioral problems, and environmental factors. Medical conditions such as constipation, diarrhea, arthritis, or urinary tract infections can make it difficult or painful for a cat to use the litter box. Behavioral and stress-related causes include changes in the cat's environment, such as moving homes, the introduction of a new pet, or an unsatisfactory litter box location or cleanliness. Sometimes cats also avoid the litter box if the box is too small, the litter is not to their preference, or if there are not enough litter boxes in multi-cat households. Stress and anxiety can further contribute to this behavior.
Medical Issues
- Cats may avoid the litter box if they have constipation, diarrhea, arthritis, urinary tract infections, or cognitive dysfunction.
- Pain or discomfort from illness or matted fur may lead to litter box avoidance.
- A vet visit is recommended to rule out medical causes.
Behavioral and Environmental Causes
- Stress from changes like moving, new pets, or new family members can cause litter box avoidance.
- Cats are picky about litter box cleanliness, size, litter type, and location.
- Having fewer litter boxes than cats can cause disputes and avoidance.
- Dirty or poorly located litter boxes deter cats.
What to Do
- Veterinary checkup to rule out health issues.
- Keep the litter box clean, appropriately sized, and preferably in a quiet, accessible location.
- Provide multiple litter boxes (one more than the number of cats).
- Observe your cat's behavior and litter preferences and adjust accordingly.
This comprehensive approach will help identify the cause and find solutions to stop the cat from pooping outside the litter box.
