Iran is believed to want nuclear weapons for several key reasons:
- Security and Deterrence: Iran sees nuclear weapons as a way to protect itself from foreign aggression and dominance, especially from countries like the United States and Israel. Nuclear capability is viewed as a powerful deterrent against any attacks or interventions. Iran's history of regional conflicts and tensions has driven this motivation.
- Regional Power and Influence: A nuclear-armed Iran would significantly enhance its power and influence in the Middle East. It could project strength, deter rivals, and support its allies and proxy groups more confidently, thus boosting its role as a regional hegemon.
- Threat to Israel: Iran's nuclear ambitions are often linked to its hostility toward Israel. It is widely believed that Iran may want nuclear weapons to threaten or potentially destroy Israel, which Iran's leadership frequently opposes.
- National Pride and Independence: The nuclear program is also tied to Iranian techno-nationalism and national identity. Developing nuclear technology symbolizes scientific progress, sovereignty, and independence from foreign control.
- Regime Survival and Domestic Politics: The nuclear program helps the Iranian regime consolidate internal political support. It is framed as a source of national pride and a necessary element for regime survival in a hostile international environment.
- Historical Context: Iran secretly pursued a nuclear weapons project (the AMAD Project) until about 2003 and has continued enriching uranium at levels that exceed peaceful civilian needs, suggesting ongoing weaponization ambitions.
International concerns arise because Iran's nuclear activities have often surpassed civilian energy requirements, raising fears it is close to developing a nuclear weapon. These concerns have led to sanctions, diplomatic efforts, and sometimes military actions aimed at curbing Iran's nuclear capabilities.
