A bump on the tongue can have multiple causes, most of which are common and not serious. Common causes include:
- Lie bumps (transient lingual papillitis), which are small red or white irritated bumps caused by irritation, stress, spicy or acidic foods.
- Trauma or injury from accidentally biting the tongue, burns from hot food, or aggressive brushing.
- Canker sores or aphthous ulcers, which are painful small sores with a white or yellow center and a red border.
- Infections like oral herpes or bacterial infections.
- Allergic reactions or immune system disorders.
- Irritation from smoking, alcohol, dental appliances, or poor oral hygiene.
- Occasionally, bumps can be due to more serious causes like oral cancer, especially if they persist for a long time without healing.
Most bumps are harmless and go away on their own with care such as saltwater rinses, avoiding irritating foods, and staying hydrated. However, if the bump lasts longer than a week, is painful, growing, or accompanied by other symptoms, a medical or dental professional should be consulted for proper evaluation and treatment.
