The main reasons why someone can't grow a beard are primarily linked to genetics, age, ethnicity, hormone levels (especially sensitivity to dihydrotestosterone or DHT), and certain medical conditions like alopecia areata. Genetics strongly influence the thickness and fullness of a beard, determined by how sensitive the hair follicles are to DHT, a hormone derived from testosterone that stimulates facial hair growth. Age also matters as facial hair tends to get thicker and fuller gradually, especially through puberty and into the 20s and 30s. Ethnicity plays a role with some ethnic groups naturally having less facial hair. Low testosterone levels can cause sparse growth but are rarely the main issue unless clinically low. Stress, poor diet, and some medical issues can also affect beard growth. Shaving does not help beard thickness, contrary to a common myth. For many men, lifestyle improvements like better nutrition, reduced stress, and patience are the best ways to maximize beard growth within genetic limits. Consulting a healthcare professional is recommended if a sudden or unusual change in beard growth occurs or if low testosterone is suspected.
