The modern air conditioner was invented by Willis Haviland Carrier in 1902. Carrier, an American engineer, developed the first electrical air conditioning unit to solve a humidity problem at a printing plant, which affected ink and paper quality. His invention controlled temperature, humidity, air circulation, and ventilation, effectively creating the basis for modern air conditioning systems
. Before Carrier, there were important developments related to cooling and refrigeration, such as experiments by Benjamin Franklin and John Hadley in the 18th century on evaporation cooling, and John Gorrie's ice-making machine in the mid-19th century. However, Carrier is credited as the "father of modern air conditioning" because he invented the first practical system that could control both temperature and humidity electrically, enabling widespread industrial and residential use
. Carrier also founded the Carrier Corporation in 1915, which became a leading company in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems
. His invention significantly impacted many industries and everyday life by making indoor environments more comfortable and productive
