Coffee is grown primarily in a narrow climatic zone along the Equator, known as the "Bean Belt," between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn (approximately 25°N to 30°S latitude)
. This region offers the ideal conditions for coffee cultivation, including rich soil, mild temperatures, regular seasonal rainfall, and shaded sun
. Major coffee-producing countries include:
- South America: Brazil (the largest producer globally), Colombia, Peru
- Central America: Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico
- Africa: Ethiopia (the origin of coffee), Kenya, Tanzania, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda
- Asia: Vietnam, Indonesia (Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi), India, Yemen
- Caribbean and North America: Puerto Rico, Hawaii
Coffee is grown at various elevations, often between 800 and 2,200 meters above sea level, which contributes to the development of complex flavors
. Different countries and regions produce coffee with distinctive flavor profiles due to variations in altitude, climate, and processing methods. In summary, coffee is cultivated in over 40 countries mainly located in tropical and subtropical regions along the equator, spanning parts of Central and South America, Africa, Asia, and some Caribbean and Pacific islands
