Amsterdam is the capital and largest city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is located in the western part of the country, in the province of North Holland, in northwestern Europe
. The city lies at the mouth of the Amstel River, which was dammed to control flooding, and is connected to the North Sea via the North Sea Canal
. Amsterdam's geographic coordinates are approximately 52.37° N latitude and 4.90° E longitude
. The city is famous for its extensive canal system, often earning it the nickname "Venice of the North," with over 100 kilometers of canals and more than 1,200 bridges
. Amsterdam is situated about 24 kilometers (15 miles) inland from the North Sea, in a flat, low-lying region characterized by polders and dikes
. The metropolitan area covers around 219 square kilometers (85 square miles)
. In summary, Amsterdam is in the province of North Holland in the Netherlands, positioned in northwestern Europe, at the mouth of the Amstel River with coordinates near 52.37° N, 4.90° E
