Tigers are found primarily in Asia, inhabiting a variety of diverse habitats including rainforests, grasslands, savannas, mangrove swamps, and temperate and tropical forests. Their current range includes 13 countries: India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Russia, China, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Cambodia, Laos, and Vietnam
. India has the largest population and extent of tiger habitat, followed by Russia. Tigers also live in the Russian Far East, northeastern China, and on the Indonesian island of Sumatra
. Historically, tigers ranged much more widely, from eastern Turkey and northern Iran through Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent to Southeast Asia and the islands of Sumatra, Java, and Bali, but now occupy less than 7% of that range
. Different tiger subspecies occupy specific regions and habitats. For example, Bengal tigers are found in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Bhutan, and southwestern China, living in tropical forests, mangroves, and grasslands
. Amur (Siberian) tigers inhabit the mountain and temperate forests of eastern Russia and parts of China
. Sumatran tigers are restricted to Sumatra's lowland and montane forests
. Overall, tigers are endangered due to habitat loss, poaching, and human encroachment, with about 5,574 individuals estimated to remain in the wild
