The Vietnam War lasted from November 1, 1955, to April 30, 1975. It was a conflict primarily between North Vietnam and its communist allies, and South Vietnam and its anti-communist allies including the United States. The war included direct U.S. military involvement that escalated significantly from 1965 until the U.S. withdrawal in 1973. The war ended with the fall of Saigon to North Vietnamese forces on April 30, 1975.