The Industrial Revolution broadly took place from around 1750 to 1914, occurring in two main phases.
- The First Industrial Revolution started roughly between 1750 and 1850. It began in Great Britain with major innovations such as the spinning jenny (conceived around 1764) and James Watt's improvements to the steam engine (patented in 1769). This period was characterized by the mechanization of textile production, the use of steam power, and the rise of factories.
- The Second Industrial Revolution followed, spanning from about 1850 to 1914, spreading the industrialization process to continental Europe, the United States, and beyond.
The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain and gradually spread worldwide in waves through the 18th and 19th centuries, transforming economies from agrarian to industrialized systems centered on mechanized manufacturing and large-scale production.
In summary, the Industrial Revolution was roughly from 1750 to 1914, with the first phase from about 1750-1850 and the second from about 1850-1914.
