The latest new major version of the R programming language is R 4.5.0, which was released on April 11, 2025. This release introduced many new features and improvements, including new datasets, new functions, and bug fixes. Since then, a minor update R 4.5.1 was released on June 13, 2025, mainly focusing on bug fixes and some improvements.
If the query about "new R" concerns the latest version, then R 4.5.0 from April 2025 is the most recent major release.