The Industrial Revolution was a transformative period in modern history during which economies shifted from agrarian and handicraft-based production to industrial and machine manufacturing. It began in Britain in the 18th century, roughly between 1760 and 1840, and later spread worldwide. This revolution introduced new technologies such as the steam engine, spinning jenny, and power loom, which greatly increased production efficiency. It also brought about significant socioeconomic and cultural changes, including urbanization, the rise of factory systems, new labor divisions, and shifts in wealth distribution and social structures. The Industrial Revolution fundamentally changed how people worked and lived, marking a major turning point in history
. Before the Industrial Revolution, there was a related but distinct phase called the Industrious Revolution (circa 1600 to 1800). This period was characterized by an increase in household productivity and consumer demand without major technological innovations. During the Industrious Revolution, families worked longer hours and shifted labor toward producing marketable goods rather than just household consumption. This rise in demand for goods set the stage for the later technological and supply-side changes of the Industrial Revolution. The Industrious Revolution involved a reduction in leisure time and a reorientation of labor efforts, especially in northwestern Europe, and is seen as a precursor that helped create the conditions necessary for industrialization
. In summary:
- Industrious Revolution : Increase in labor effort and consumer demand, primarily demand-driven, occurring roughly 1600–1800.
- Industrial Revolution : Technological and supply-driven transformation from agrarian to industrial economies, starting around 1760 in Britain.
Both revolutions are linked but focus on different aspects of economic and social change leading to modern industrial society
