what was the first permanent english settlement in north america?

The first permanent English settlement in North America was Jamestown, established in Virginia in 1607. It was founded by 104 English men who arrived aboard three ships—the Susan Constant, the Godspeed, and the Discovery. The settlement was named "James Cittie" (later called Jamestown) after King James I and was chosen for its strategic location near the James River, which provided water access and defense advantages. Despite early hardships such as disease, starvation, and conflicts with Indigenous peoples, Jamestown became the foundation for future English colonization of North America.