Kids should know a blend of academic, social, physical, and self-help skills before starting kindergarten. Academically, they should recognize and write their names, know some letters (especially the alphabet), colors, basic shapes, and numbers 1-10 or up to 20. They should also be able to recognize rhyming words, follow multi-step directions, and have some early literacy skills such as understanding that letters form words and basic concepts of counting and comparing quantities. Social and emotional readiness include being able to separate from caregivers without distress, interact politely with other children, take turns, pay attention for several minutes, express emotions appropriately, and communicate their basic needs. Physically, kindergarteners should be able to use the bathroom independently, dress themselves including managing zippers and shoes (velcro preferred if shoe tying isn't mastered), hold and use writing tools properly, use scissors, and have gross motor skills like running, hopping, and climbing stairs. Self-help skills include managing lunch/snacks, handling personal belongings, and following basic routines. Being familiar with safety rules and knowing personal information such as their full name, birthday, and parents' names and phone numbers can also be helpful. Overall, readiness is not just about academic skills but also emotional maturity, independence, and social skills to help children adapt and thrive in the classroom environment.
