Barcelona has two official languages: Catalan and Spanish (Castilian). Most residents are bilingual and can switch between these languages with ease
- Catalan is deeply rooted in local culture and identity. It is the language of instruction in schools, used in administration, and the preferred language in public institutions. Many families speak Catalan at home, and it is considered the "proper" language of Catalonia
- Spanish is widely spoken and understood by almost everyone in Barcelona. A significant portion of the population speaks Spanish as their mother tongue, especially immigrants from other parts of Spain. Spanish is also commonly used in public transport and daily communication
In tourist areas, English is often spoken, especially by younger people and those working in tourism, but Catalan and Spanish remain the dominant languages. Visitors are encouraged to greet locals in Catalan, which is appreciated even if the rest of the conversation continues in Spanish
. In summary, both Catalan and Spanish are the main languages spoken in Barcelona, with most locals fluent in both, and Catalan holding a special cultural and official status in the city
