A colonoscopy is typically performed by either a gastroenterologist or a colorectal surgeon. Gastroenterologists are medical doctors specializing in the digestive system and are extensively trained in diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal conditions. They perform the majority of colonoscopies as part of routine screening and diagnostic procedures. Gastroenterologists have advanced training, including a fellowship in gastroenterology, which equips them to safely and effectively conduct colonoscopies and manage common gastrointestinal diseases.
Colorectal surgeons are specialized surgeons with additional training focused on surgical treatment of diseases of the colon, rectum, and anus. They also perform colonoscopies, especially in patients who may require surgical intervention, have complex gastrointestinal conditions, or have a history of colorectal diseases. Colorectal surgeons have surgical expertise to manage complex cases including large polyps, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, and other structural problems.
In summary, routine colonoscopies are most commonly done by gastroenterologists, while colorectal surgeons perform colonoscopies in more complex or surgical cases. Both are qualified to perform the procedure safely and competently.