VLDL stands for very-low-density lipoprotein, which is a type of lipoprotein that your liver creates and sends out into your bloodstream. Lipoproteins are particles that transport fats and proteins in your blood. VLDL particles mainly carry triglycerides, another type of fat, to your tissues. VLDL is similar to LDL cholesterol, but LDL mainly carries cholesterol to your tissues instead of triglycerides. VLDL is considered "bad" cholesterol when there is too much of it in your blood, as it can contribute to the buildup of plaque in your arteries, a condition called atherosclerosis.
VLDL cholesterol is usually estimated as a percentage of your triglyceride value, and an elevated VLDL cholesterol level is more than 30 milligrams per deciliter. A VLDL cholesterol test measures the amount of VLDL in your blood, and it is often used along with a series of other tests in a general lipid profile to screen for cardiovascular disease.
Since VLDL and triglycerides are linked, you can lower your VLDL level by lowering your triglyceride level. You may be able to lower your triglycerides with a combination of losing weight, diet, and exercise. It is important to switch to healthy fats and cut back on sugar and alcohol. Some people may also need to take medicines.
In summary, VLDL cholesterol is a type of lipoprotein that carries triglycerides to your tissues and is considered "bad" cholesterol when there is too much of it in your blood. A VLDL cholesterol test measures the amount of VLDL in your blood, and you can lower your VLDL level by lowering your triglyceride level through lifestyle changes and medication if necessary.
