The Sun is mainly made of hydrogen (about 70-75%) and helium (about 23-28%). It also contains small amounts of heavier elements like carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, neon, iron, silicon, magnesium, and sulfur, which together make up around 1-2% of its composition. The Sun is a massive sphere of hot plasma, where nuclear fusion in the core converts hydrogen into helium, producing energy. This fusion process fuels the Sun's heat and light. The core of the Sun is extremely dense and hot, about 15 million degrees Celsius, with most fusion occurring within the innermost 24% of its radius. The Sun's surface, called the photosphere, is mostly hydrogen and helium as well but has lower helium content compared to the core because helium settles toward the center over time.
