The purpose of the Aditya-L1 mission is to study the Sun, particularly its outer layers such as the chromosphere and corona, and to understand solar phenomena and their effects on space weather and Earth. Key objectives include:
- Observing the dynamics of the Sun’s chromosphere and corona to study coronal heating, the physics of partially ionized plasma, coronal mass ejections (CMEs), solar flares, and the coronal magnetic field
- Providing continuous and uninterrupted observation of the Sun from a halo orbit around the Sun-Earth Lagrange point 1 (L1), about 1.5 million kilometers from Earth, enabling real-time monitoring of solar activity without Earth’s occultation
- Investigating solar wind acceleration, solar radiation, and their impact on Earth’s climate and technological systems such as communication satellites and power grids
- Enhancing space weather prediction by studying solar emissions, solar winds, and flare activities that influence near-Earth space environment
- Establishing India’s first dedicated space-based solar observatory, expanding ISRO’s capabilities in deep space science and solar physics, and positioning India among leading space agencies conducting solar research
The mission carries seven scientific payloads that perform remote sensing of the Sun and in-situ measurements of particles and magnetic fields at L1, providing comprehensive data on solar atmospheric phenomena and their propagation through interplanetary space
. In summary, Aditya-L1 aims to deepen understanding of the Sun’s complex behavior, improve space weather forecasting, and safeguard Earth’s technological infrastructure by continuous solar observation from a strategic vantage point
