The Medal of Freedom, officially known as the Presidential Medal of Freedom, is the highest civilian award in the United States. It is awarded by the President of the United States to individuals who have made especially meritorious contributions to the security or national interests of the U.S., world peace, cultural achievements, or significant public or private endeavors. Established by President John F. Kennedy in 1963, it succeeded an earlier Medal of Freedom created in 1945 by President Harry S. Truman to honor civilian service during World War II. The award is not limited to U.S. citizens and can also be given to military personnel. Sometimes it is awarded "with distinction," a higher degree of the honor at the president's discretion.
