Socioeconomic status (SES) is a measure of an individual’s or group’s social and economic position within society. It is commonly assessed by combining factors such as education, income, and occupation
. SES reflects not only financial resources but also educational attainment, occupational prestige, and subjective perceptions of social standing and class
. Typically, SES is categorized into three levels: high, middle, and low, which describe where a person or family falls in terms of economic resources and social position relative to others
. It influences quality of life, opportunities, and access to resources, and is a strong predictor of various outcomes including physical and mental health, psychological well-being, and social experiences
. In summary, socioeconomic status is a multidimensional concept that captures the social standing of individuals or groups based on economic and social factors, primarily education, income, and occupation, and it plays a significant role in shaping life opportunities and health outcomes.
