Ohms Law is a fundamental law of electric circuits that defines the relationship between electric current, potential difference, and resistance. It states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, provided all physical conditions and temperatures remain constant. The law was first established by Georg Simon Ohm, a German physicist, who experimentally verified it. The mathematical relationship between resistance, voltage, and electric current can be written as Ohm’s Law equation: R = V/I, where R is the resistance of the conductor, V is the potential difference applied across it, and I is the current flowing through it. The SI unit of resistance is Ohm (Ω) .
Ohms Law has several applications, including determining the voltage, current, or resistance of an electric circuit, maintaining the desired voltage drop across electronic components, and shunting current in DC ammeters and other DC shunts. However, there are some limitations to Ohms Law. It is not applicable for unilateral electrical elements like diodes and transistors, which allow the current to flow through in one direction only. For non-linear electrical elements with parameters like capacitance, resistance, etc., the ratio of voltage and current won’t be constant with respect to time, making Ohm’s Law difficult to use.
