iOS stands for "iPhone Operating System" and is a proprietary mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware, including iPhones, iPads, and iPod Touch devices. It is responsible for everything that goes on on your iPhone or iPad, including making phone calls, sending text messages, taking pictures and videos, running apps like Facebook, TikTok, or Instagram, browsing the Internet, sorting out settings, and more. iOS supports input through direct manipulation and responds to various user gestures, such as pinching, tapping, and swiping. It is similar to the software that runs on a computer, controlling how the device functions and providing a platform for other apps to run on. iOS features Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular connectivity, integrated search support, gesture recognition, push email, Safari mobile browser, integrated front- and rear-facing cameras with video capabilities, direct access to the Apple App Store and the iTunes catalog of music, podcasts, television shows, and movies available to rent or purchase, compatibility with Apples cloud service, iCloud, and privacy and security features. iOS employs a multi-touch interface, such as sliding your finger across the screen to advance to the next page or pinching your fingers to zoom in or out of the screen. iOS applications are written using iOS Software Development Kit (SDK) and, often, combined with Xcode.