Couscous is made from semolina flour and water. Semolina is a coarsely ground type of durum wheat flour. Couscous is technically a type of pasta, not a grain, although it looks like small grains or pearls. The traditional method involves sprinkling semolina with water, rolling it into tiny pellets by hand, and then drying or steaming them. Today, couscous is often mass-produced from this mixture of semolina flour and water, which is then dried and packaged. There are several varieties of couscous, such as traditional Moroccan couscous (smallest), pearl (Israeli) couscous which is larger and often toasted, and Lebanese couscous which is the largest type. Despite size differences, all types are made from semolina flour. In summary, couscous is a tiny pasta made primarily from semolina flour and water, originating from North Africa. It is widely used in diverse cuisines worldwide. This explanation is based on detailed sources explaining couscous composition and production.