what is conflict between israel and palestine

The Israeli-Palestinian conflict is a long-standing dispute over competing claims to the Holy Land, which includes disputes over borders, Jerusalem, security, and Palestinian refugees. The conflict dates back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with the birth of major nationalist movements among the Jews and among the Arabs, both geared towards attaining sovereignty for their people in the Middle East. The United Nations adopted Resolution 181 in 1947, which sought to divide the British Mandate of Palestine into Arab and Jewish states. On May 14, 1948, the State of Israel was created, sparking the first Arab-Israeli War. The war ended in 1949 with Israel’s victory, but 750,000 Palestinians were displaced, and the territory was divided into 3 parts: the State of Israel, the West Bank (of the Jordan River), and the Gaza Strip. Since then, the conflict has continually flared into conflict, including multistate wars, armed uprisings (intifadas), and terrorist acts. The Palestinian side has been fractured by conflict between Fatah and Hamas, a militant Islamist group that gained control of the Gaza Strip. The conflict has resulted in significant violence, including a military confrontation between the Israeli military and Hamas in 2014, which ended with a cease-fire deal brokered by Egypt, but only after 73 Israelis and 2,251 Palestinians were killed. In May 2021, Hamas unleashed a barrage of rockets from Gaza into Israel, and Israel hit back with air strikes on Gaza, killing at least 250 people in Gaza and 13 in Israel. In October 2023, Hamas launched its biggest assault on Israel in years, firing a barrage of rockets from Gaza and sending fighters across the border. Israel said it was on a war footing and began its own strikes against Hamas targets in Gaza, with Israeli media reporting gunbattles between bands of Palestinian fighters and security forces in southern Israel.