Colostrum is the first form of milk produced by the mammary glands of humans and other mammals immediately after giving birth. It is a nutrient-dense, thick, and often yellowish fluid, sometimes called "liquid gold" due to its rich color and valuable benefits
. Key characteristics of colostrum:
- It is high in protein, vitamins (especially vitamin A), minerals (such as magnesium, copper, and zinc), and antioxidants
- It contains a high concentration of antibodies (immunoglobulins like IgA, IgG, and IgM) and immune cells that help build and strengthen the newborn's immune system, protecting against infections
- Colostrum has a mild laxative effect that helps the newborn pass the first stool (meconium), which aids in clearing excess bilirubin and preventing jaundice
- It is low in fat and sugar compared to mature breast milk but highly concentrated, so a small amount provides significant nourishment
- Colostrum transitions into transitional milk within a few days after birth, then into mature milk as the mother's milk supply increases
Biological role and benefits: Colostrum supports the newborn's immune defense and the development and maturation of the gastrointestinal tract. It provides essential bioactive factors that promote growth, vitality, and protection during the critical early days of life
. In summary, colostrum is the vital first milk that provides newborns with concentrated nutrition and immune protection immediately after birth, playing a crucial role in their early health and development
