Cognac is a type of brandy that is produced exclusively in the Cognac region of France, specifically in the departments of Charente and Charente-Maritime within Nouvelle-Aquitaine
. It is made by distilling white wine, primarily from specific grape varieties such as Ugni Blanc, Folle Blanche, and Colombard
. The production of cognac is strictly regulated under French law as an Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC), which requires:
- The use of designated grape varieties, predominantly Ugni Blanc.
- Double distillation in traditional copper pot stills called alambic Charentais.
- Aging in French oak barrels (from Limousin or Tronçais) for a minimum of two years.
- A minimum alcohol content of 40% by volume.
- Production within the defined Cognac geographical area
The distillate after double distillation is called "eau de vie" (water of life), which is then aged in oak barrels. Aging imparts flavors such as caramel, honey, vanilla, spices, nuts, and fruit to the spirit, resulting in a rich and complex flavor profile
. Cognac is renowned worldwide for its quality and is often enjoyed neat or used in cocktails. The region has six distinct growing areas, or crus, with Grande Champagne and Petite Champagne being notable for producing eaux-de-vie with exceptional aging potential
. In summary, cognac is a high-quality, aged grape brandy from a specific French region, made under stringent rules that govern grape selection, distillation, and aging to ensure its unique character and quality
