what is cidp

Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy (CIDP) is a rare autoimmune disorder that affects the peripheral nervous system. In CIDP, the body's immune system mistakenly attacks the myelin sheath—the protective covering—around the peripheral nerves, leading to nerve inflammation and damage. This damage disrupts the nerves' ability to transmit signals effectively, resulting in progressive muscle weakness, sensory loss, and impaired reflexes. Symptoms often start in the legs and arms and can include trouble walking, difficulty using the hands, numbness, tingling, fatigue, and poor balance. CIDP is considered a chronic condition, meaning symptoms progress over time and typically last for at least eight weeks. It is closely related to Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), but unlike GBS which develops quickly and often improves after treatment, CIDP is more gradual and persistent. It can significantly impact daily living, sometimes requiring mobility aids in severe cases. While the exact cause is unclear, it is believed to be triggered by an abnormal immune response and can occur alongside other conditions like diabetes or infections. Early diagnosis and treatment are important to manage symptoms and improve long-term outcomes, as many people benefit from treatments that modulate the immune system. In summary, CIDP is a rare, chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by progressive weakness and sensory problems due to immune attack on peripheral nerve myelin.