Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), also known as Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) or ME/CFS, is a complex, chronic, and debilitating illness that affects multiple body systems. It is characterized primarily by severe, persistent fatigue that is not improved by rest and worsens with physical or mental exertion, a symptom known as post-exertional malaise (PEM)
. ME/CFS affects various parts of the body including the brain, muscles, immune system, and cardiovascular system. Symptoms often include extreme exhaustion, cognitive difficulties ("brain fog"), unrefreshing sleep, dizziness, muscle and joint pain, headaches, sore throat, and sensitivity to light, sound, and other stimuli
. The cause of ME/CFS is not fully understood but is believed to be triggered by a combination of factors such as infections, genetic predisposition, and physical or emotional trauma
. It can affect people of any age, gender, or ethnicity, though it is more common in middle-aged adults and women
. Diagnosis is challenging because there is no specific test for ME/CFS; it is made by ruling out other conditions and assessing symptom patterns
. There is currently no cure or FDA-approved treatment, so management focuses on symptom relief and improving quality of life through individualized care plans
. ME/CFS can lead to significant disability, with many patients unable to work or carry out daily activities, and some becoming housebound or bedridden
. In summary, CFS/ME is a serious, long-term illness marked by profound fatigue and multiple systemic symptoms, with no known cure and significant impact on patients' lives
