Behavior is the range of actions and mannerisms exhibited by individuals, organisms, systems, or artificial entities in response to internal or external stimuli. It includes both observable actions (overt behavior) and internal mental processes (covert behavior), and can be voluntary or involuntary, conscious or subconscious
. From a biological perspective, behavior is defined as the internally coordinated responses of living organisms to stimuli, which can be innate (genetically determined) or learned from the environment. It serves to change or maintain the organism’s relationship with its environment
. In humans, behavior encompasses physical, mental, and social responses influenced by genetic, environmental, psychological, and social factors. It includes social interactions, cognitive processes, physiological functions, and cultural norms, shaping how individuals and groups act and react in various contexts
. Scientifically, behavior is studied to understand why organisms act the way they do, involving fields such as psychology, neuroscience, ethology, and sociology. Behavioral research focuses on measuring and analyzing actions and reactions to uncover underlying mechanisms, motivations, and consequences
. In summary, behavior is any action or reaction of an organism or system to stimuli, observable or internal, that affects its interaction with the environment and others. It is fundamental to understanding living beings and their adaptation, communication, and survival strategies
