A silverback gorilla is a fully mature adult male gorilla, easily recognized by the distinctive band of silver or grayish-white hair that develops across its back and shoulders as it reaches maturity, typically around 12 to 13 years of age
. The term "silverback" does not refer to a separate species or subspecies, but rather to the age and status of the male within a gorilla group
. Key Characteristics of a Silverback Gorilla:
- Physical Features: Silverbacks are much larger than females and younger males, often weighing up to 270 kilograms (about 600 pounds) and standing up to 1.8 meters (nearly 6 feet) tall when upright
. They have a larger head, broad chest, and powerful arms
- Social Role: The silverback is the dominant leader of a gorilla group (also called a troop or family), which usually consists of several females, their offspring, and sometimes younger males. The silverback makes all major decisions for the group, such as when and where to eat, rest, and move. He is also responsible for protecting the group from threats and mediating conflicts among members
- Behavior: While silverbacks are extremely strong and capable of displays of aggression (such as chest beating or charging) to defend their group, they are generally gentle, patient, and protective leaders
- Diet: Like all gorillas, silverbacks are herbivores, feeding mainly on leaves, stems, shoots, and occasionally fruit
- Lifespan: In the wild, silverbacks can live up to 35–40 years
In summary, a silverback gorilla is the mature, dominant male in a gorilla group, distinguished by its silver-colored back and its role as the leader and protector of the family
