what is a clinical nurse specialist

A clinical nurse specialist (CNS) is an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN) who has completed graduate-level nursing preparation at the masters or doctoral level as a CNS. They are clinical experts in evidence-based nursing practice within a specialty area, treating and managing the health concerns of patients and populations. The CNS specialty may be focused on individuals, populations, settings, type of care, type of problem, or diagnostic systems subspecialty. They practice autonomously and integrate knowledge of disease and medical treatments into the assessment, diagnosis, and treatment of patients illnesses. The CNS can provide advice related to specific conditions or treatment pathways. They can diagnose, treat, prescribe, and bill like other APRNs as allowed by their state regulations. The four primary roles of a clinical nurse specialist are expert clinician, educator, researcher, and consultant. They work in a variety of specialties, including pediatrics, women’s health, geriatrics, psychiatric health, rehabilitation services, wound care, pain management, oncology, critical care, and emergency room services. Clinical nurse specialists may order tests, make some diagnoses, administer basic treatments, and, in some states, prescribe medications. They often help create practice changes within an organization and plans that ensure the group is using best practices and providing evidence-based care.