The most famous work of literature written in cuneiform is The Epic of Gilgamesh. It is an ancient Mesopotamian epic poem inscribed on clay tablets and considered the oldest surviving work of world literature. The story follows Gilgamesh, a legendary Sumerian king, and his adventures, including his quest for immortality after the death of his close companion Enkidu. The poem was originally part of Sumerian folklore and later written down in cuneiform script
. The Epic of Gilgamesh was first translated in 1872, and its discovery significantly changed the understanding of ancient history and literature, revealing a rich literary tradition predating biblical texts
. It remains a cornerstone of ancient literature and a key example of the use of cuneiform writing.
