The large intestine has several key functions in the digestive system:
- It absorbs water and electrolytes from indigestible food material, helping to solidify the waste into stool
- It produces and absorbs certain vitamins, such as vitamin K and some B vitamins, which are created by bacteria residing in the large intestine
- It forms and propels feces toward the rectum, where stool is stored until elimination through defecation
- The large intestine also secretes mucus to protect its lining and facilitate the movement of feces
- Additionally, it houses a complex community of bacteria (gut flora) that ferment undigested carbohydrates and contribute to immune function
Overall, the large intestine processes the leftover waste after nutrient absorption in the small intestine, reclaiming water and vitamins, and preparing waste for excretion from the body
