Low hematocrit means that the proportion of red blood cells in your blood is lower than normal. Because red blood cells carry oxygen, low hematocrit results in reduced oxygen-carrying capacity of your blood, which can lead to oxygen deficiency in the body. This condition is also known as anemia. Low hematocrit can be caused by various factors and health conditions, such as:
- Blood loss (from injuries, surgery, ulcers, heavy menstrual bleeding)
- Destruction of red blood cells (e.g., sickle cell anemia)
- Decreased production of red blood cells (due to bone marrow disorders, cancer, or nutritional deficiencies)
- Nutritional deficiencies (iron, vitamin B12, folate)
- Chronic kidney disease (reduced erythropoietin production)
- Chronic diseases and inflammatory conditions (cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus)
- Bone marrow disorders (leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes)
- Malnutrition and infections
Symptoms associated with low hematocrit include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, cold hands and feet, and irregular heartbeat. Low hematocrit is an important clinical indicator and requires medical evaluation to identify the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.
