Literacy primarily means the ability to read and write, enabling effective communication and understanding of the world around us
. However, modern definitions of literacy have expanded beyond just reading and writing to include speaking, listening, and engaging with various forms of media and digital content
. Key aspects of literacy include:
- The traditional skills of reading and writing text
- The ability to use printed and written information to function in society, achieve goals, and develop knowledge
- Oral communication skills such as speaking and listening
- Digital literacy, which involves using digital media and technology effectively
- Critical thinking and interpreting information in different contexts, including media, numbers (numeracy), and cultural understanding
UNESCO defines literacy as a continuum of learning and proficiency in reading, writing, and using numbers throughout life, emphasizing its role in communication and participation in society
. Literacy is also seen as a social practice influenced by cultural and contextual factors, not just a discrete skill
. In summary, literacy is the comprehensive ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, and communicate through various forms of language and media, essential for personal development and active participation in society
