Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) is a key hormone produced by the pituitary gland that plays crucial roles in sexual development and reproductive function in both females and males.
What FSH Does in Females
- FSH stimulates the growth and maturation of ovarian follicles, which contain the eggs. It triggers the follicles to develop and prepare the eggs for ovulation (release) each menstrual cycle
- It promotes the production of estrogen by stimulating granulosa cells in the follicles, which is important for regulating the menstrual cycle and preparing the body for potential pregnancy
- FSH levels fluctuate during the menstrual cycle, rising early to stimulate follicle growth and dropping after ovulation due to feedback from estrogen and progesterone
- It works closely with luteinizing hormone (LH), which causes the mature follicle to release the egg during ovulation
What FSH Does in Males
- FSH signals the testes to support sperm production by stimulating Sertoli cells, which are essential for spermatogenesis (the process of sperm development)
- It helps maintain sperm quality and quantity after puberty, with levels generally stable in adult males
Additional Notes
- FSH levels are often measured to assess fertility issues, menstrual irregularities, or testicular function
- Abnormal FSH levels can indicate problems with the ovaries, testes, or pituitary gland
In summary, FSH is vital for reproductive health: it stimulates egg development and estrogen production in females and supports sperm production in males
