Black poop can have several causes, ranging from harmless to serious medical conditions: Common causes of black poop:
- Dietary factors: Eating dark-colored foods such as black licorice, blueberries, blackberries, blood sausage, or foods high in iron can darken stool
- Medications and supplements: Iron supplements, bismuth-containing medicines (like Pepto-Bismol), and activated charcoal can cause black stool without indicating illness
Serious causes related to bleeding in the digestive tract:
- Black, tarry stool (called melena) often signals bleeding in the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract - including the esophagus, stomach, or the first part of the small intestine
- Conditions causing such bleeding include bleeding ulcers (peptic ulcer disease), gastritis, esophagitis, tears in the esophagus from vomiting, swollen veins (varices) in the stomach or esophagus, cancer of the esophagus, stomach, or pancreas, and other serious inflammation or trauma
- The black color and tarry texture result from blood being digested as it moves through the GI tract, often accompanied by a foul smell
When to seek medical attention:
- If black stool is persistent, sticky, tarry, foul-smelling, or accompanied by other symptoms like abdominal pain, vomiting, or bloating, it is important to see a doctor promptly as it may indicate internal bleeding or other serious conditions
- Even if you suspect the cause is dietary or medication-related, consult a healthcare provider if black stool appears unexpectedly or lasts more than a day or two
In summary, black poop can be harmless due to diet or medications but can also be a sign of internal bleeding in the upper digestive tract, which requires urgent medical evaluation
