A hernia typically feels like a bulge or swelling in the affected area, which may be visible or felt when touching the area. The sensations associated with a hernia can vary widely, but often include:
- A dull or sharp pain or discomfort, which can worsen with physical activity such as coughing, lifting, or bending
- A feeling of pressure, fullness, heaviness, or tugging in the area of the hernia
- Burning, tingling, or aching sensations around the bulge
- The bulge or lump may become more noticeable when standing, straining, or during physical exertion, and may disappear when lying down
- In some cases, especially with groin hernias, there can be pain or discomfort radiating to the groin or testicles in men
Less common symptoms can include nausea, vomiting, difficulty swallowing (with certain hernia types), or a feeling of bloating or fullness if the hernia affects the abdomen. If the hernia becomes incarcerated or strangulated (where the blood flow to the trapped tissue is cut off), the pain can become severe and sudden, accompanied by other symptoms such as swelling, redness, and inability to pass gas or stool, which requires urgent medical attention. Overall, a hernia often presents as a noticeable bulge combined with varying degrees of discomfort, pressure, or pain depending on the type and severity of the hernia. It is important to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment if such symptoms are present. This description covers common hernia sensations and signs including those of inguinal (groin), abdominal, and hiatus hernias.
