Acne on the cheeks is primarily caused by several interrelated factors:
- Excess oil (sebum) production : Overactive sebaceous glands produce too much oil, which mixes with dead skin cells to clog hair follicles, leading to acne formation
- Hormonal fluctuations : Hormonal changes, especially during puberty, menstruation, or conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), increase androgen levels that stimulate excess sebum production, triggering acne on the cheeks and other facial areas
- Friction and irritation (Acne mechanica) : Repeated rubbing or pressure on the cheeks from activities like holding a phone against the face, sleeping on pillows, or wearing tight headgear can cause breakouts due to irritation and clogged pores
- Bacterial involvement : The bacterium Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) can thrive in clogged follicles, causing inflammation and acne lesions
- External factors and lifestyle habits : Use of comedogenic (pore-clogging) makeup or skincare products, hair products transferring to the face, touching the face frequently, and environmental factors like pollution and humidity can exacerbate cheek acne
- Dietary factors : Diets high in sugar and processed carbohydrates may contribute to inflammation and increased sebum production, worsening acne on the cheeks
In summary, cheek acne results from a combination of hormonal influences, excess oil production, follicle blockage, bacterial growth, mechanical irritation, and lifestyle or environmental factors. Managing cheek acne often requires addressing these causes through proper skincare, avoiding irritants, and sometimes medical treatments tailored to the individual's condition
