The resistance of a conductor depends on the following factors:
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Thickness (cross-sectional area of the wire): Resistance is inversely proportional to the area of the cross-section of the conductor. This means resistance will decrease with an increase in the cross-sectional area of the conductor.
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Length: Resistance is directly proportional to the length of the conductor. This means resistance will increase with an increase in the length of the conductor.
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Temperature: Resistance of a conductor increases with an increase in temperature. This is because the increase in temperature causes the atoms in the conductor to vibrate more, which increases the number of collisions between the electrons and the atoms, leading to an increase in resistance.
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Conductivity of the material: The fourth factor is the conductivity of the material that is used. Some metals (copper, silver) are more electrically conductive than others (Iron, Aluminum). The resistance of a conductor is inversely proportional to its conductivity.
The resistance of a conductor can be calculated using the formula R = ρL/A, where R is the resistance, ρ is the resistivity of the material, L is the length of the conductor, and A is the cross-sectional area of the conductor.
