Sensitive groups for air quality are populations that are more vulnerable to the adverse health effects of air pollution, including ozone and particulate matter (PM). These groups typically include:
- Children (under 18) because their lungs are still developing and they breathe more air per pound of body weight than adults.
- Older adults (65 and older).
- People with pre-existing lung diseases such as asthma.
- People with cardiovascular diseases.
- Pregnant women.
- People who are active outdoors, such as outdoor workers.
- People with diabetes.
- Socioeconomically disadvantaged populations who may have greater exposure and sensitivity.
These groups are at higher risk for experiencing health effects such as respiratory symptoms, worsening asthma, bronchitis, and other serious complications when air pollution levels are elevated. Air quality indexes often distinguish these groups by issuing "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups" warnings to help them take precautions like reducing outdoor exertion or rescheduling activities. Overall, sensitive groups make up a significant portion of the population who need to be especially aware of air quality conditions to avoid health risks. This understanding is consistent across sources from EPA, local air quality organizations, and public health agencies.
