Operations and supply chain management (OSCM) is concerned with the design, operation, and improvement of the entire system that creates and delivers a firm’s primary products and services. Its function is to manage the entire system that produces a product or delivers a service, encompassing all activities from sourcing raw materials to delivering finished goods to customers and handling returns
. Specifically, OSCM manages the flow and transformation of goods and services from raw materials through to the end user. This includes planning, sourcing suppliers, production or manufacturing, logistics and delivery, and return processes. The goal is to efficiently and effectively meet customer demand while optimizing costs and operational performance
. In summary, the key function of operations and supply chain management is to oversee and coordinate the entire supply network and operational processes to ensure that products and services are produced and delivered in a timely, cost-effective, and quality manner that satisfies customer needs
