In the context of electricity, AC stands for alternating current
. Alternating current is a type of electrical current where the flow of electrons changes direction periodically
. This differs from direct current (DC), which flows consistently in one direction
. AC is the standard form of electrical power used in homes, businesses, and industries worldwide
. Key aspects of alternating current:
- Direction: AC periodically reverses direction, unlike DC which flows in only one direction
- Voltage: AC voltage switches polarity over time
- Frequency: The current switches direction rapidly, typically 50 or 60 times per second, measured in Hertz (Hz)
. In the U.S., the standard is 60 Hz, while in Europe and other parts of the world, it is 50 Hz
- Generation: AC is generated using an alternator, which converts kinetic energy into electricity through electromagnetic induction
- Transmission: AC is efficient for long-distance transmission because its voltage can be easily changed using transformers, reducing energy loss
- Applications: AC powers a wide range of devices, from household appliances to industrial equipment
