To treat strep throat effectively, the primary approach is the use of antibiotics, as strep throat is caused by a bacterial infection (Group A Streptococcus). Common antibiotics prescribed include penicillin and amoxicillin, which are typically taken for 10 days to fully eradicate the bacteria and prevent complications
. If a patient is allergic to penicillin, alternative antibiotics such as cephalexin, clindamycin, azithromycin, or clarithromycin may be used
. In addition to antibiotics, symptom relief can be managed at home with several supportive measures:
- Rest and avoid strenuous activity until fever subsides
- Drink plenty of fluids, including warm liquids like tea with honey or soup, and avoid acidic drinks that may irritate the throat
- Use over-the-counter pain relievers such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen to reduce fever and ease throat pain
- Gargle with warm salt water several times a day to soothe the throat
- Use throat lozenges or suck on ice chips or popsicles to relieve throat discomfort (avoiding choking hazards in young children)
- Employ a cool-mist humidifier to keep the throat moist and comfortable
- Avoid irritants such as cigarette smoke and strong fumes
It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics even if symptoms improve early, to ensure the infection is fully cleared and to reduce the risk of complications such as rheumatic fever
. Patients usually start to feel better within a day or two after starting antibiotics, and they typically stop being contagious about 24 hours after beginning treatment
. In summary, treating strep throat involves:
- Confirming diagnosis (usually by rapid strep test or throat culture)
- Taking prescribed antibiotics for 10 days
- Managing symptoms with rest, fluids, pain relievers, saltwater gargles, and humidification
- Avoiding irritants and maintaining good hygiene to prevent spread
This combined approach ensures faster recovery, symptom relief, and prevention of serious complications.
