To prune hydrangeas effectively, follow these guidelines based on the type of hydrangea and timing:
General Timing
- Most hydrangeas are best pruned in late winter to early spring (February to April), just before new growth starts
- Climbing hydrangeas are an exception and should be pruned after flowering in late summer to avoid cutting off this year's flowers
- Leaving flower heads on over winter can protect buds from frost
Pruning Methods by Hydrangea Type
Hydrangeas that bloom on old wood (e.g., Hydrangea macrophylla, aspera, serrata, quercifolia):
- Light pruning is recommended.
- Cut back old flower heads to just above a pair of healthy buds to encourage new growth
- Remove dead or weak stems and cut out oldest stems at the base to promote new shoots
- Avoid heavy pruning as it can remove flower buds and reduce blooms for the season
Hydrangeas that bloom on new wood (e.g., Hydrangea paniculata, arborescens):
- Can be pruned harder in early spring.
- Cut back last year’s growth to a framework of healthy buds, typically 30-60 cm (1-2 feet) high
- Hard pruning encourages strong growth and larger flowers
Climbing hydrangeas:
- Prune after flowering in late summer.
- Cut back over-long shoots but leave the top parts where most flowers form
Additional Tips
- Remove dead, damaged, or frost-affected wood by cutting back to healthy buds
- For rejuvenation, remove entire old branches from the base to prevent overcrowding and encourage fresh growth
- After pruning, mulch with well-rotted manure or compost to support vigorous regrowth
- If unsure of your hydrangea type, deadhead faded blooms and observe flowering patterns to adjust pruning next season
By following these tailored pruning practices, you can maintain healthy hydrangeas that produce abundant and beautiful flowers each year.
