To grow tomatoes successfully, follow these key steps:
Starting from Seed
- Sow tomato seeds indoors from early February (for greenhouse) or March-April (for outdoor planting) in peat-free compost. Cover lightly and keep moist, using a propagator or plastic cover to retain humidity
- Once seedlings appear, remove the cover and keep them in good light, watering as needed without letting the compost dry out
- When seedlings have their first true leaves, transplant them into larger pots, planting deeply to encourage strong root growth
Preparing to Plant Outdoors or in Greenhouse
- Harden off seedlings by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions over 1-2 weeks before planting outside
- Choose a sunny, sheltered spot with well-drained, fertile soil rich in organic matter and compost. Soil pH should be slightly acidic, around 6.2 to 7.0
- Avoid planting tomatoes in the same soil year after year to reduce disease risk
Planting
- Plant tomatoes deeply, burying part of the stem to encourage root development along it. Dig deep holes amended with compost, bone meal, and slow-release fertilizer, mixing amendments into soil to avoid root burn
- Space plants 18 to 36 inches apart depending on variety and support method
- Water well after planting, directing water to roots to keep foliage dry and reduce disease risk
Care and Maintenance
- Mulch around plants with straw, shredded leaves, or compost to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and protect from soil-borne diseases
- Water regularly to keep soil evenly moist, aiming for about an inch of water per week, more in hot weather. Avoid overwatering to prevent root problems
- Feed plants weekly with a balanced tomato fertilizer once flowers appear to support fruit development and prevent blossom end rot
- Support plants with stakes, cages, or strings, especially cordon types, and prune lower leaves and suckers to improve air circulation and focus energy on fruit
Additional Tips
- In greenhouses, prevent overheating by providing shade through blinds, shade paint, or surrounding plants to avoid tough skins and blotchy fruit
- Harvest tomatoes when fully ripe for best flavor, picking regularly to encourage continued production
By following these steps-starting seeds indoors, hardening off, planting deeply in rich soil, consistent watering and feeding, mulching, and supporting plants-you can grow healthy, productive tomato plants
