To get rid of lice, several effective methods exist including wet combing, using smothering agents, applying medicated lotions or sprays, and using specialized lice treatment products.
Wet Combing
This involves coating wet hair with conditioner and using a fine-toothed nit comb to remove lice and their eggs (nits). It requires patience and regular repetition every few days to catch newly hatched lice. Wet combing can be done with or without medicated treatment and is a chemical-free approach.
Smothering Agents
Household substances like mayonnaise, petroleum jelly, or olive oil may be applied to hair and covered with a shower cap overnight to suffocate lice. However, the effectiveness of some smothering agents varies, and vegetable oils like olive oil are preferred over messier substances like mayonnaise.
Medicated Treatments
Over-the-counter or prescription lotions and sprays are available that kill lice and their eggs. Some, such as ivermectin lotion or dimethicone gel, are effective with a single application, and retreatment is sometimes recommended after one week to kill any newly hatched lice.
Household Cleaning
To prevent reinfestation, wash bedding, clothes, and towels in hot water and dry on high heat. Items that cannot be washed can be sealed in plastic bags for two weeks. Vacuum floors and furniture to remove any stray lice or hairs with attached eggs. Avoid insecticide sprays or fogs in the home as they are toxic and unnecessary.
Important Tips and Warnings
- Avoid using excessive doses of treatments or combining multiple lice medications simultaneously.
- Avoid using conditioning products before medicated treatments as they can reduce effectiveness.
- Lindane shampoo is not recommended for first-line treatment due to toxicity concerns.
- Wet combing should be repeated multiple times on specific days to ensure complete lice removal.
These combined methods offer a comprehensive approach to effectively eliminate head lice. Starting treatment promptly and treating close contacts simultaneously reduces the risk of spread.
