To become a physical therapist, you generally follow these key steps:
1. Earn a Bachelor's Degree
Most Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) programs require applicants to have completed a bachelor's degree first. While the undergraduate degree does not have to be specifically in physical therapy, common majors include biology, kinesiology, exercise science, anatomy, or health sciences. Coursework often includes anatomy, chemistry, physics, and physiology to meet DPT program prerequisites
2. Apply to and Complete a Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) Program
You must earn a DPT degree from a program accredited by the Commission on Accreditation in Physical Therapy Education (CAPTE). These programs typically last three years and include coursework in anatomy, physiology, biomechanics, neuroscience, clinical reasoning, and supervised clinical education in various physical therapy settings. Some schools offer 3+3 programs that combine undergraduate and DPT studies to shorten total education time to six years
3. Pass the National Physical Therapy Exam (NPTE)
After completing your DPT, you must pass the NPTE, which tests your entry- level competence to practice physical therapy. This exam is required for licensure in all U.S. states
4. Obtain State Licensure
You must apply for and obtain a license to practice physical therapy in the state where you intend to work. Licensure requirements vary by state and may include additional exams or background checks. A license is mandatory to legally work as a physical therapist
Optional Steps
- Complete a Residency: Some physical therapists choose to complete a clinical residency to gain advanced training and specialize in areas such as pediatrics or sports medicine
- Earn Board Certification: Board certification through the American Board of Physical Therapy Specialties can enhance credibility and career opportunities
Career Outlook
Physical therapy is a growing field with diverse work settings including hospitals, outpatient clinics, schools, sports facilities, and private practices. It is ranked among the top healthcare careers due to strong demand and rewarding patient outcomes
. In summary, becoming a physical therapist involves earning a bachelor's degree, completing an accredited DPT program, passing the NPTE, and obtaining state licensure. Optional residencies and certifications can further advance your career. The entire process typically takes about six to seven years.
