The Indian Constitution notices Fundamental Duties under Article 51A , which was added by the 42nd Amendment Act in 1976. Initially, 10 Fundamental Duties were listed, and later, the 11th duty was added by the 86th Amendment Act in 2002
. There are 11 Fundamental Duties that every citizen of India is expected to follow:
- To abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag, and the National Anthem.
- To cherish and follow the noble ideals which inspired the national struggle for freedom.
- To uphold and protect the sovereignty, unity, and integrity of India.
- To defend the country and render national service when called upon to do so.
- To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood among all people of India, transcending religious, linguistic, and regional diversities, and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women.
- To value and preserve the rich heritage of India's composite culture.
- To protect and improve the natural environment, including forests, lakes, rivers, wildlife, and to have compassion for living creatures.
- To develop scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
- To safeguard public property and to abjure violence.
- To strive towards excellence in all spheres of individual and collective activity so that the nation constantly rises to higher levels of endeavor and achievement.
- To provide opportunities for education to his/her child or ward between the ages of six and fourteen years (added in 2002)
These duties serve as moral obligations for citizens to promote patriotism, unity, and responsible citizenship alongside fundamental rights
